最小化文档设计¶
传统文档¶
传统文档主要是使用系统化的方法,这种方法的基本思想:把一个复杂问题的求解过程分阶段进行,而且这种分解是自顶向下,逐层分解,使得每个阶段处理的问题都控制在人们容易理解和处理的范围内。这样开发出来的文档,常常比较厚,很多时候文档太长,用户无法阅读完。
成年学习者¶
没有耐心,想尽快开始做一些有效率的事情
在手册和帮助文档中跳读,很少全读
犯错,但是修复错误的时候学得最多
自我探索时最有动力
巨型文档(将每个步骤分解为子步骤的方式)会打消而非鼓励积极性。
最小化文档设计原则¶
1. Choose an action-oriented approach¶
Heuristic 1.1 Provide an immediate opportunity to act Heuristic 1.2 Encourage and support exploration and innovation Heuristic 1.3 Respect the integrity of the user’s activity
2. Anchor the tool in the task domain¶
Heuristic 2.1 Select or design instructional activities that are real tasks Heuristic 2.2 The components of the instruction should reflect the task structure
3. Support Error Recognition and Recovery¶
Heuristic 3.1 Prevent mistakes whenever possible Heuristic 3.2 Provide error information when actions are error prone or when correction is difficult Heuristic 3.3 Provide error information that supports detection, diagnosis, and recovery Heuristic 3.4 Provide on-the-spot error information
4 Support reading to do, study and locate¶
Heuristic 4.1 Be brief; don’t spell out everything Heuristic 4.2 Provide closure for chapters