XML

date

2018-05-08

author

高志军

XML是非常重要的存储数据的方式，作为技术写作从业人员，需要了解XML的基本技术，具体如下：

• XML

• CSS/XSLT

• DTD/Schema

创建XML

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<BusinessCard>
    <Name>Gao Zhijun</Name>
    <phone type="mobile">+86 10 8264 9812</phone>
    <phone type="work">+86 10 6127 3510</phone>
    <phone type="fax">+86 10 6127 3510</phone>
    <email>gaozhijun@ss.pku.edu.cn</email>
</BusinessCard>

创建CSS

BusinessCard {
    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    background-color: #DACFE5;
    width: 300px;
    display: block;
    padding: 10pt;
    border: 1px solid #0D3427;
    margin: 5px;
    text-align: left;
}

Name {
    color: #0D3427;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 140%;
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 3%;
}

phone {
    font-size: 90%;
    color: #523819;
    font-size: 90%;
    display: block;
}

email {
    color: #0D3427;
    font-size: 90%;
    font-weight: bold;
    display: block;
    margin-top: 3%;
}

关联CSS至XML

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="businesscard.css"?>

创建页面内DTD

<!DOCTYPE BusinessCard [
<!ELEMENT BusinessCard (Name, phone+, email?)>
<!ELEMENT Name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT phone (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST phone type (mobile | fax | Work | home) #REQUIRED>

<!ELEMENT emai (#PCDATA)>

]>

DTD 参考：https://www.w3cschool.cn/dtd/dtd-intro.html

注解

• #PCDATA (Parsed Character Data)，简单解释就是元素内只有文本，没有子元素。

创建独立DTD并关联至xml

<!DOCTYPE BusinessCard SYSTEM "businesscard.dtd">